Military Life vs Civilian Life - 787 Words

Military Life vs. Civilian Life When we think about the military these days, normally the first thing that comes to mind is war. However, when we think about the civilian world the one thing that stands out is freedom. As a result, in order to maintain that freedom we must have our military go out and fight wars. There are many differences between our military and the civilian life; nonetheless, similarities do exist. A few that will be discussed pertaining to military and civilian life are how soldiers and civilian personnel are accounted for, their different clothing and their rank structure. In the military, specifically the Navy, personnel are accounted by a process called mustering. At exactly seven o’clock in the morning; you†¦show more content†¦For the majority, vacation time is granted and will include long periods. For many in the civilian world vacation is paid and for many it’s not. However, for the military any leave period is always paid for. There are many differences and similarities the military and civilians have in life. In here we discussed a few of the many that are out there. We discussed the differences in accountability, uniforms in both the military and civilian sector, the rank structure and even vacation time or as the military call it, leave. We notice the civilian life is a lot more relaxed and we can tell freedom does exist and is very noticeable. Furthermore, we also notice that military life is a lot more demanding. All in all if we didn’t have a civilian world we would not require a military. And if we had no military we would not haveShow MoreRelatedCivilian Life vs. Military Life Essay1053 Words   |  5 Pageshuge differences compared to being in the civilian life. There are many differences and there are some things that are the same, being in the Army and being in civilian life. 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That similarity, is encountering the same personalityRead MoreEssay about Military vs Civilian Life723 Words   |  3 Pagesjoined the military would my life be different?† Now when people think of the military they think of going to war and getting yelled at, but there are so many differences between military life and civilian. Most people sometimes believe that military life and civilian life are the same. Now there are a lot of differences their occupational life, living expense and some the freedoms they have. Occupational life is an example of differences between military and civilian life. In civilian life, you haveRead MoreSubstance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment Barriers: Military Life vs. Civilian Life1259 Words   |  6 PagesSubstance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment Barriers: Military Life vs. Civilian Life Marina Herrera Butte College Abstract This paper explores the interesting relationship between substance abuse and mental health problems among military and civilian life. As well as stigma barriers to treatment within a military vs. a civilian setting. The article â€Å"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment in the Military: Lessons Learned and a Way Forward† written by Katie Witkiewitz and ArmandoRead MoreA Brief Look at Igor Sikorsky1157 Words   |  5 PagesIgor Sikorsky widened the field of aviation throughout his life with inventions that caught the interest of the world. In the early 1920’s, after successfully building a four-engine biplane, Sikorsky began his work on amphibian aircraft. The aircraft proved to be versatile with its ability to take off and land on an airstrip or in the water. Sikorsky increased the size and maximum range of his designs until producing the S-42 Flying Clipper. His line of amphibian planes became the precursor to commercialRead MoreAgent Orange : A Herbicide Mix ture Used By The Us Military During The Vietnam War Essay1350 Words   |  6 PagesAgent Orange is a herbicide mixture used by the US military during the Vietnam War. (Agent Orange Vietnam War History). The Department of defense advance project (DARPA) had an important role in the U.S development of herbicides as a military weapon (usa.gov). The first large scale defoliation by the US military took place in Fort Drum using a chemical called agent purple and a spray system that was the model for the one used in Vietnam (Buckingham). 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Kidd specifies that this violence is directed toward people, not property, does not usually involve economic motivation, is usually by a state-actor, and is performed for a broad audience inRead MoreGun Control Amendment990 Words   |  4 Pagesrecent incident, several others in past few years, has spark the debate over gun control in the United States. More and more are calling for a complete ban for assault type of weapons, that to include fully automatic and semi –automatic weapons with military attachments and features. In the light of the recent surge of incident involving guns, particularly assault type weapons has call for a ban. That has created an outrage from the advocates of gun owners and the (NRA) National Rifle Association. However

Women s Fight For Equality - 991 Words

Women’s fight for equality has been fought for over a century. They have out lasted the longest of wars. The fight for equality seems like an epic battle out of a movie, as it is so drawn out. The history behind the feminist movement is rich in context. For most people when they think of the feminist movement they think of United States or Europe. But this movement is not just contained in those countries, it was a global movement that has spread like falling dominos. The Inter-American Commission of Women was one of the organization to pop up from this movement and has greatly impacted the Latin American women. The IACW was created in Havana, Cuba in 1928. â€Å"After a month of protests and active campaigning, the women were finally allowed a voice at the conference. For the first time women officially spoke at a plenary and public session of a Pan American conference. To hear the first speeches, more that a thousand women filled the galleries, staircases, and the conference floor of the University of Havana s great hall. Although the Treaty for Equal Rights was not ratified, the decision was taken to create the Inter-American Commission of Women (CIM) and to charge it with conducting a study of the legal status of women in the Americas, which would be presented to the next International Conference of American States† (OAS.org) This was there was of getting their foot in the door. Latin American governments could no longer just brush the women aside so easily. The formationShow MoreRelatedWomen s Fight For Equality1410 Words   |  6 PagesWomen’s fight to achieve equality w as, and still is, a long and hard battle. Earning the right to vote in 1920, although no small task, only marked what is considered to be the beginning. 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Now more than ever women are critiqued for contribution to feminismRead MoreGender Inequality By Emma Watson1325 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"There s nothing wrong with being afraid. It s not the absence of fear, it’s overcoming it. Sometimes you ve got to blast through and have faith.†(Emma Watson) Gender inequality is a problem that people face in everyday life, whether it comes in the form of gender stereotypes or a pay difference, it’s something everyone deals with. As a UN Global Goodwill Ambassador, Emma Watson is striving to abolish gender inequality around the world. She is working with the program HeForShe to make genderRead MoreWomen s Rights During The 19th Amendment1414 Words   |  6 Pages4 states gave women the right to vote. The western states gave women the right to vote so that more people could come to their states. The women suffrage was run by strong women. Two of the women were Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady. 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Detection of Backlash Phenomena in the Induction Motor Free Essays

The problem our thesis work will solve is to reduce backlash in the induction motor. Backlash is described as a mechanical form of dead band that can lead to error on hole location, if the motion required to machine the holes causes a reversal in axis direction it also lead to loses of motion between input and output shafts, making it difficult to achieve accurate center in equipment such as machines tools etc. The main problem are vibrations from motor as a result of high ripple torque in the motor. We will write a custom essay sample on Detection of Backlash Phenomena in the Induction Motor or any similar topic only for you Order Now The motor is a kind of an AC machine in which alternating current is supplied to the stator directly and to the rotor by induction from the stator. Induction motor can appear in a single phase or a poly phase. (Toufouti, et al, 2013). In construction, the motor has a stator which is the stationary portion consisting of a frame that houses the magnetically active angular cylindrical structure called the stator lamination. It stack punched from electrical steel sheet with a three phase winding sets embedded in evenly spaced internal slots. The rotor which is the rotatory parts of a motor is made up of a shaft and cylindrical structure called the rotor lamination. It stack punched from electrical steel sheet with evenly spaced slots located around the periphery to accept the conductors of the rotor winding (Ndubisi, 2006). The rotor can be a wound type or squirrel cage type. in a poly phase motor, the three phase windings are displaced from each other by 120 electrical degrees in space around the air-gap circumference when excited from a balanced poly phase source, those windings (stator winding) will produce a magnetic field in the air-gap rotating at synchronous speed as determine by the number of stator poles and the applied stator frequency (Bimal, 2011). In the controlling of electrical motor; the introduction of micro-controllers and high switching frequency semiconductor devices, variable speed actuators where dominated by DC motors. Today, using modern high switching frequency power converters controlled by micro-controllers, the frequency phase and magnitude of the input to an AC motor can be changed and hence the motor’s speed and torque can be controlled. AC motors combined with their drives have replaced DC motors in industrial applications because they are cheaper, better reliability, less in weight, and lower maintenance requirement. Squirrel cage induction motors are most generally used than all the rest of the electric motors as they have all the advantages of AC motors and they are easy to build. The main advantage is that motors do not require an electrical connection between stationary and rotating portion of the motor. Therefore, they do not need any mechanical commutators to the fact that they are maintenance free motors. The motors also have lesser weight and inertia, high efficiency and high over load capability. Therefore, they are cheaper and more robust, and less proves to any failure at high speeds. Furthermore, the motor can be used to work in explosive environments because no sparks are produced. Taking into account all the advantages outlined above, induction motors must be considered as the perfect electrical to mechanical energy converter. However, mechanical energy is more than often required at variable speeds, where the speed control system is not a trivial matter. The effective way of producing an infinitely variable motor speed drive is to supply the motor with three phase voltage of variable amplitude. A variable frequency is required because the rotor speed depends on the speed of the rotating magnetic field provided by the stator. A variable voltage is required because the motor impedance reduces at low frequencies and the current has to be limited by means of reducing the supply voltage. (Schauder, 2013). Before the days of power electronics, a limited speed control of the motors was achieved by switching the three stator windings from delta connection to star connection, allowing the voltage at the motor windings to be reduced. Induction motors also available with more than three stator windings to allow a change of the number of pole pairs. However, a motor with several windings is very costly because more than three connections to the motor are needed and only certain discrete speeds are available. Another method of speed control can be realized by means of a wound rotor induction motor, where the rotor winding ends are brought out to slip rings (Malik, 2013). However, this method obviously removes the main aim of induction motors and it also introduces additional losses by connecting resistor or reactance in series with the stator windings of the motors, poor performance is achieved. With the enormous advances in converters technology and the development of complex and robust control algorithms, considerable research effort is devoted for developing optimal techniques of speed control for the machines. The motor control has traditionally been achieved using field oriented control (FOC). The method involves the transformation of stator currents in such a manner that is in line with one of the stator fluxes. The torque and flux producing components of the stator currents are decoupled, such that the component of the stator current controlling the rotor flux magnitude and the component controls the output torque will differ (Kazmier and Giuseppe, 2013). The implementation of this system however is complicated. The FOC is also well known to be highly sensitive to parameter variations. It also based on accurate parameter identification to obtain the needed performance. Another motor control techniques is the sensor less vector control. This control method is only for both high and low speed range. Using the method, the stator terminal voltages and currents estimate the rotor angular speed, slip angular speed and the rotor flux. In this case, around zero speed, the slip angular velocity estimation becomes very difficult. Motivation for the work When we were on training in machine in our office, we are told gave us a drawing to produce a machine shaft. During the process, when we feed in a cut of 10mm to the machine, it would cut 9.5mm and when we wanted to drill a hole at the center of the job, it would drilled it off centered, we called on our supervisor after we have wasted much time, power and materials. Surprisingly, after his supervision, he told us that backlash in the machine is responsible for that and he instructed us to use another machine which we did and got what we need immediately. Therefore, that ugly experience motivated us to research on how to reduce high ripple torque in induction motor which is the main causes of vibrations that lead to the backlash in the industrial machine. Statement of the Problem The statement of the human problem our research work will solve is to reduce backlash in industrial machine. Explanation of the problem Backlash Backlash can be defined as the maximum distance or angle through which any part of a mechanical system may be moved in one direction without applying appreciable force or motion to the next part in mechanical sequence and is a mechanical form of dead band. More so, it is any non-movement that occurs during axis reversals. For instance, when x – axis is commanded to move one inch in the positive direction, immediately, after this x – axis movement, these x-axis is also commanded to move one inch in the negative direction if any backlash exists in the x-axis, then it will not immediately start moving in the negative direction and the motion departure will not be precisely one inch. So, it can cause positioning error on holes location, if the motion required to drill the holes causes a reversal in axis direction, it also causes loses ofmotion between reducer input and output shafts, making it difficult to achieve accurate positioning in equipment such as machines tools etc. The main cause of this problem electrically is vibrations from electric motor as a result of high ripple torque in the induction motor. Benefits of solving the problem   High quality products will be produce. Productivity will increase because adjustment and readjustment of machine feeding handle or feeding screw to eliminate backlash have been reduced. Operational cost will reduced. Greater efficiency will be guaranteed. Greater accuracy and precision of product will be guaranteed. Wasting of materials will be highly reduced. Research Objectives To develop a model that will control the error to achieve stability using DTC and fuzzy logic with duty ratio. To determine the error in the torque of the machine that causes vibration which lead to backlash that result in production of less standard products.   To determine the position of the stator flux linkage space vector in the poles of the induction motor. To determine the stator linkage flux error in the induction motor that also causes vibration. To simulate the model above in the Simulink environment and validate the result.   Scope and Limitation of the Work This project work is limited to the use of fuzzy logic controller with duty ratio to replace the torque and stator flux hysteresis controllers in the conventional DTC techniques. The controllers have three variable inputs, the stator flux error, electromagnetic torque error and position of stator flux linkage vector. The inference method used was the Mamdam fuzzy logic inference system. The deffuzzification method adopted in this work is the maximum criteria method. Significance of the Work The importance of this work in industry where induction motor drives are mainly in application cannot be over emphasis. As earlier noted, induction motors because of their ruggedness simple mechanical structure and easy maintenance; electrical drives in industries are mostly based on them. Also, a wide range of induction motor applications require variable speed, therefore induction motor speed, if not accurately estimated will affect the efficiency of the overall industrial processes. Equally, the harmonic losses if not put in check will shorten the life span and efficiency of the motor inverter. Based on the above, it is aimed at reducing the principle causes of the inefficiency in the DTC induction motor and improves the performance of the system. Organization of the Work The work is organized into five chapters. Various control techniques were discussed in chapter two, in chapter three, we discusses the methodology, design and implementation of the direct torque control of induction motor using fuzzy logic with duty ratio controller. Chapter four discusses data collection, analysis and the simulated results showing the system using conventional method of control and the proposed fuzzy logic with duty ratio method of control under applied load torque conditions. How to cite Detection of Backlash Phenomena in the Induction Motor, Papers